Organism Extinct Extinct in the Wild Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable Conservation Dependent Total Birds 22 0 17 55 63 0 157 Mammals 39 0 9 41 57 0 146 Reptiles 1 0 9 20 31 0 61 Fish 0 1 8 20 25 8 62 Frogs 4 0 15 9 12 0 40 Other animals 1 0 30 23 13 0 67 All animals 67 1 88 168 201 8 533 Plants 37 0 206 556 586 0 1,385 All threatened species 104a 1 294 724 787 8a 1,918 EPBC Act = Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Category is not a matter of national environmental significance. Note: Includes all terrestrial, freshwater and marine species. For more information, go toFlora and fauna Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Share on Linkedin Share this link
State or territory Total native species Endemica Threatened (EX, EW, CR, EN, VU) ACT 1,088b 6 13c NSW Not available 1,320 671d NT 4,418e 735e 81f Qld 8,639g 3,629 775h SA 3,503i 488 385j Tas 1,920k 533k 458lm Vic Not available 408 1,243m WA 11,606n 8,952 444o ACT = Australian Capital Territory; CR = Critically Endangered; EN = Endangered; EW = Extinct in the Wild; EX = Extinct; NSW = New South Wales; NT = Northern Territory; Qld = Queensland; SA = South Australia; Tas = Tasmania; Vic = Victoria; VU = Vulnerable; WA = Western Australia Numbers are from Gallagher (2020a), unless otherwise noted. See Lepschi et al. (2019) See ACT Scientific Committee (2020) See NSW Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2020) See Cowie et al. (2017) See FloraNT Northern Territory Flora Online (2015); the number was correct as at October 2021. See Brown & Bostock (2020) See DES (2021) See eFloraSA Electronic Flora of South Australia (2021) See eFloraSA Electronic Flora of South Australia (2021); note this listing is for ‘SA schedule 7: Endangered species (including Critically Endangered and Extinct species)’ and ‘Schedule 8: Vulnerable species’. It does not include ‘SA Schedule 9: Rare species’. The Rare category criteria are consistent with current IUCN definitions for the Near Threatened category, and encompass species in decline and those that naturally have a limited presence. See de Salas & Baker (2019) See NRE (2021) Number was correct as at October 2021; see DELWP (2021). See Florabase (2021); the number was correct as at June 2021. See Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2018) For more information, go toFlora and fauna Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Share on Linkedin Share this link
Species Common name Ammophila arenaria Marram grass Andropogon gayanus Gamba grass Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet vernal grass Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel grass Cenchrus pedicellatus Annual mission grass Cenchrus polystachios Perennial mission grass Cenchrus setiger Birdwood grass Echinochloa polystachya Aleman grass Ehrharta calycina Perennial veldtgrass Eragrostis curvula African love grass Hymenachne amplexicaulis Olive hymenachne Hyparrhenia hirta Tambookie grass; coolatai grass Megathyrsus maximus Guinea grass Melinis minutiflora Molasses grass Spartina anglica Common cordgrass; rice grass Themeda quadrivalvis Grader grass Urochloa mutica Para grass Source: van Klinken & Friedel (2018) For more information, go toInvasive species, problematic native species, and diseases Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Share on Linkedin Share this link
Order Species Common name Year of first detection Hymenoptera Apis mellifera European honey bee 1820 Hymenoptera Solenopsis geminata Tropical fire ant 1863 Hymenoptera Paratrechina longicornis Black crazy ant 1886 Hymenoptera Monomorium floricola Floral ant 1910 Hymenoptera Monomorium destructor Singapore ant 1910 Hymenoptera Pheidole megacephala African big-headed ant 1911 Coleoptera Heteronychus arator African black beetle 1920 Hymenoptera Linepithema humile Argentine ant 1939 Hymenoptera Vespula vulgaris Common wasp 1959 Hymenoptera Vespula germanica European wasp 1959 Hymenoptera Anoplolepis gracilipes Yellow crazy ant 1975 Hymenoptera Polistes chinensis Asian paper wasp 1979 Hymenoptera Megachile rotundata Leafcutting bee 1987 Hymenoptera Bombus terrestris Large earth bumblebee 1992 Hymenoptera Solenopsis invicta Red imported fire ant 2001 Hymenoptera Wasmannia auropunctata Electric ant 2006 Hymenoptera Apis cerana Asian honey bee 2007 Source: Invasive Species Council & Monash University (2020) For more information, go toInvasive species, problematic native species, and diseases Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Share on Linkedin Share this link
Type of target 5-year target Overall result Summary Species trajectory targets 20 priority birds have improved trajectories Not met 21 bird species were listed as priority species. Over the strategy period: 6 species improved 6 species deteriorated 4 were reasonably stable 5 had trajectories that may have changed but not significantly so. Following the 2019–20 bushfires, 3 of the 21 priority bird species – the regent honeyeater (Anthochaera phrygia), the eastern bristlebird (Dasyornis brachypterus) and the western ground parrot (Pezoporus flaviventris) – were identified as priorities for urgent management intervention by the Wildlife and Threatened Species Bushfire Recovery Expert Panel. These species are now receiving targeted support for recovery. 20 priority mammals have improved trajectories Not met 20 mammal species were listed as priority species. Over the strategy period: 8 species improved 5 species deteriorated 1 was reasonably stable 6 had trajectories that may have changed but not significantly so. On-ground recovery actions to protect Australia’s mammals include monitoring, habitat restoration, and reducing the impact of predators such as feral cats and red foxes. Where threats in the wild are too great for threatened mammals to persist, establishing ex situ populations in predator-free safe havens has been supported through funding for captive breeding and translocation programs. 30 priority plant species have improved trajectories Not met 30 plant species were listed as priority species. Over the strategy period: 10 species improved 4 species deteriorated 16 species were reasonably stable or had a nonsignificant change in trajectory. Increasing monitoring efforts over 2015–20 led to discoveries of new populations of some plants, revealing them to be more common than originally assessed (e.g. Fitzgerald’s mulla-mulla – Ptilotus fasciculatus, which has since been de-listed under the EPBC Act, and the purple-flowered wattle – Acacia purpureopetala). For 4 of the 30 priority plant species, considerable doubts were raised about their taxonomic validity: Banksia vincentia, blue-top sun-orchid (Thelymitra cyanapicata), silver daisy bush (Olearia pannosa subsp. pannosa) and scaly-leaved featherflower (Verticordia spicata subsp. squamosa). 100% of Australia’s known threatened plant species are stored in 1 or more of Australia’s conservation seed banks Not met Approximately 67% of Australia’s listed threatened species (930 of 1,373 species) are now stored in conservation seed banks. Recent research suggests that some of the remaining species may not be amenable to traditional seed-banking methods. Although some threatened species are represented by multiple collections of suitable size, many species are represented by collections of fewer than 500 seeds. Recovery actions underway for at least 50 plants Met Recovery actions are underway for all 30 plant species targeted by the strategy. The 5-year report notes that hundreds of other listed plant species also have recovery actions underway through a range of government and nongovernment programs and initiatives. Recovery actions underway for at least 60 threatened ecological communities Met Recovery actions are underway for more than 60 threatened ecological communities through programs such as 20 Million Trees (at least 54 sites), Regional Land Partnerships (32 different communities) and bushfire recovery programs (16 priority threatened ecological communities). Feral cat targets Feral cats eradicated from 5 islands Not met Eradication was achieved on Dirk Hartog Island in Western Australia only. Progress has been made towards eradication on Bruny Island, French Island, Kangaroo Island and Christmas Island. Funding to support eradication efforts continues through the Regional Land Partnerships and Environment Restoration Fund programs through to June 2023. 10 feral-free mainland exclosures established Met Between July 2015 and July 2020, 10 feral cat-free mainland exclosures were completed or were in the final stages of completion. In 2019, the Australian Government boosted efforts to establish a national network of safe havens through a $10 million commitment under the Environment Restoration Fund. The commitment includes a focus on increasing the number of species not currently represented in the safe havens network, drawing on research from the National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub. 10 million hectares of best-practice feral cat management Met Feral cat control has been undertaken (at least once) across more than 18 million hectares. Feral cat management has focused on delivering humane and best-practice control across high conservation value areas. This includes the repetitive deployment of feral cat control tools so that feral cat densities are maintained at low levels, reducing predation pressure on recovering native wildlife. Best-practice feral cat action implemented across 2 million hectares of Commonwealth land Partially met Best-practice feral cat control has been implemented across more than 1.9 million hectares of Commonwealth land, including Department of Defence and Parks Australia estates. 2 million feral cats culled Partially met The estimated number of cats culled over the 5-year strategy is nearly 1.6 million. When the target to cull 2 million feral cats was set in 2015, the national feral cat population was estimated to be 15–20 million cats. Research under the National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub has since revised down the estimate of feral cats to 2.1 million when environmental conditions limit available resources, and up to 6.3 million in times of plenty. This has increased the level of difficulty in meeting this target. Shooters, hunters and farmers are estimated to be the most significant cohort of feral cat cullers, removing more than 85% of the cats culled over the 5-year period. Improved recovery practices targets All states and territories operate under the common assessment methodology for species listing Met All jurisdictions are actively involved in implementing the Common Assessment Method. Based on updated work plans, effective and up-to-date recovery plans, conservation advices and threat abatement plans are in place for all priority species and threats Not met All listed priority threatened species had a recovery plan and/or conservation advice in force but not all were up to date as of 30 June 2020. Up-to-date plans (that were approved or updated within the 5-year period) were in place for 9 mammals, 13 birds and 10 plants as of 30 June 2020. For more information, go toManagement approaches Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Share on Linkedin Share this link