Authors Dr Terri Janke Dr Terri Janke is a Meriam/Wuthathi woman and an international authority on Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property (ICIP), known for innovating pathways between the non-Indigenous business sector and Indigenous people in business. As the owner of Terri Janke and Company, a unique legal and consulting firm, she manages her team to deliver excellent results to a diverse client base. Terri advises on legal matters including intellectual property, business law and heritage. She developed the True Tracks® ICIP Protocols, a framework for Indigenous engagement and has written leading ICIP Protocols for various sectors including the arts, museums, archives, film, research and environmental management. Zena Cumpston Ms Zena Cumpston is a Barkandji woman with family connections to Broken Hill and Menindee in western New South Wales. She currently lives in Melbourne on the lands of the Wurundjeri people with her partner and 2 boys. Zena works as a writer, curator, consultant, and researcher, and is passionate about truth-telling and undertaking projects that directly benefit her community and Country. In 2021 she curated the show ‘Emu Sky’ for Science Gallery Melbourne, bringing together over 30 Aboriginal community members from across south-eastern Australia. Running until 2022, 'Emu Sky' explores Aboriginal knowledge through artworks, research and storytelling, and is accompanied by an extensive education program. In 2022 her book ‘Plants’, co-authored with Professor Lesley Head, and Associate Professor Michael-Shawn Fletcher, will be released as part of the ‘First Knowledges’ series. Dr Rosemary Hill Dr Rosemary Hill is a Senior Principal Research Scientist with CSIRO Land and Water, and an Adjunct Professor in James Cook University's Division of Tropical Environments and Societies, based in Cairns. Dr Hill leads research on environmental governance and multiple knowledge systems, and their impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and climate change with a special focus on Indigenous knowledge. She has over 60 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters, and more than 100 peer reviewed reports and conference papers, on these topics. Through applying this science and leading others, she works with communities at multiple scales to foster integration of diverse knowledge systems in sustainability. Her science helps others understand social-ecological dimensions of sustainability, particularly in remote and regional areas. Dr Emma Woodward Dr Emma Woodward is a Senior Research Scientist and leader in co-design who brings together different knowledge systems and types to deliver collaborative solutions to land and sea management at regional and national scales. Based with CSIRO Land & Water, her research frequently involves partnering with Indigenous communities to co-develop methods, tools, protocols and guidelines that can facilitate understanding and inclusion of diverse knowledges, values and interests in natural resource planning and management and enterprise development. Emma has previously worked on Our Knowledge Our Way (OKOW), a transdisciplinary science initiative to produce the first Indigenous-led guidelines for best practices when working with Indigenous knowledge in caring for Country. The outcomes of the OKOW Guidelines have made a foundational impact in setting a new standard in how to engage Indigenous peoples in partnering with science. Dr Pia Harkness Dr Pia Harkness is a social scientist with interests in collaborative environmental governance and management, and sustainable natural resource-based livelihoods. With a background in spatial science, Pia’s interest in community development and environmental issues led her towards the social sciences. She currently coordinates a Traditional Owner water quality grant program at the Great Barrier Reef Foundation, and previously worked with a CSIRO team which focuses on transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary research around knowledge co-creation, and bringing together Indigenous and western knowledge systems in environmental management. Pia completed her PhD in 2020, her research examined the implications of marine conservation and rural development policies local communities in Savu Raijua District, eastern Indonesia. Stephanie von Gavel Stephanie von Gavel is a Business Development Manager with CSIRO, supporting CSIRO Land & Water, and CSIRO more broadly in the area of Indigenous Science. Stephanie has a Science/Law background with over 25 years’ experience in technology transfer, business and strategy development, and stakeholder engagement in a range of sectors - from biotechnology, agriculture, biodiversity, information management, international research for development and inclusive innovation in an Indigenous context. Stephanie currently co-chairs CSIRO’s Indigenous Cultural & Intellectual Property Working Group and is a member of the IEEE P2890 - Recommended Practice for Provenance of Indigenous Peoples’ Data. Mr Joe Morrison (Scoping paper) Mr Joe Morrison is a Dagoman and Mualgal man with over 25 years’ experience working with Indigenous people. Mr Morrison has a BA in Land Management from the University of Sydney and an Honorary Doctorate from the University of New South Wales for his contribution to Indigenous land and sea management, policy development, advocacy and relate topics nationally. Mr Morrison is currently the Managing Director of Six Season Pty Ltd, which aims to advance Indigenous policy through practical solutions. Mr Morrison’s previous roles have included Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Northern Land Council, founding CEO of the North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliance (NAILSMA) and an Indigenous Land Management Facilitator. Joe was unable to continue as lead author for the Indigenous chapter due to his appointment as Group Chief Executive Officer of the Indigenous Land and Sea Corporation (ILSC). Body Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the many people who have provided advice, input and support as we have developed this thematic report. Notably to Amy Warnick for coordination and referencing, Michele Lockwood for help with early drafts of the Indigenous bushfire section, Roger Morrison for managing interactions with the Australian Government, Kylie Evans for editorial suggestions, Philip Rofe for chasing data and images, and John Turnbull for help with assessments.