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We recognise Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders as the sovereign Traditional Owners of Australia and thank them for their stewardship of this Country, its lands, waters and skies. We respectfully acknowledge their culture and customary practices, and pay respect to their Ancestors, Elders and future leaders.

For the first time, the State of the Environment report includes a strong Indigenous narrative across all 12 thematic chapters, a narrative crafted through recognising the leadership, collaboration and authorship of Indigenous Australians who continue their connection as Traditional Owners to their lands, waters and skies.

Click to view the State of the Environment report

 

On 28 March 2025 the government assumed a Caretaker role. Information on websites maintained by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water will be published in accordance with the Guidance on Caretaker Conventions until after the conclusion of the caretaker period.

Due to technical issues, graphs, maps and tables are currently not displaying within the main content, however, are available via the chapter resources navigation bar. We are working on a solution to resolve the issue.

Graphs, maps and tables

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Figure 1 Nine languages with more than 1,000 speakers in 2016
Figure 2 Indigenous language centres and programs
Figure 3 Documented colonial frontier massacres, Australia, 1788–1930
Figure 4 Indigenous organisations’ standardised water holdings per catchment in the NSW portion of the Murray–Darling Basin, as at October 2018
Figure 5 Indigenous data sovereignty enacted through Indigenous data governance
Figure 6 Koinmerburra, Mackay region, 2006
Figure 7 Cairns storm tide inundation projections for (a) 2050: 1-in-100-year storm tide (2.13 metres) + 0.27 metre sea level rise and (b) 2100: 1-in-100-year storm tide (2.13 metres) + 1.14 metre sea level rise
Figure 8 Changes in Indigenous-held land
Figure 9 Native title claims and determinations
Figure 10 Extent of native title determined to exist across Australia’s land and seas, at 16 June 2021
Graph showing that Western Australia has seen a steady stream of determinations since around the year 2000. Northern Territory started seeing major increases in native title determinations around 2011. For Queensland and South Australia, determinations ar

NSW = New South Wales; NT = Northern Territory; Qld = Queensland; SA = South Australia; Vic = Victoria; WA = Western Australia

Note: All determinations (exclusive and nonexclusive) shown for those jurisdictions in which native title exists (Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory are excluded).

Sources: NNTT (2021), Llewellyn (2020)

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