PJ = petajoule
Source: DISER (2020b)
We recognise Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders as the sovereign Traditional Owners of Australia and thank them for their stewardship of this Country, its lands, waters and skies. We respectfully acknowledge their culture and customary practices, and pay respect to their Ancestors, Elders and future leaders.
For the first time, the State of the Environment report includes a strong Indigenous narrative across all 12 thematic chapters, a narrative crafted through recognising the leadership, collaboration and authorship of Indigenous Australians who continue their connection as Traditional Owners to their lands, waters and skies.
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On 28 March 2025 the government assumed a Caretaker role. Information on websites maintained by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water will be published in accordance with the Guidance on Caretaker Conventions until after the conclusion of the caretaker period.
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Graphs, maps and tables
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Figure 11 Australian energy consumption by fuel type, 1978–79 to 2018–19
Figure 12 Key renewable energy sources, 2002–03 to 2018–19
PJ = petajoule
Source: ABS (2020d)
Figure 13 Estimated annual average number of heat-related deaths, selected capital cities, 2007, 2020 and 2050
Figure 14 (a) Mean ambient temperature in the city and the airport against time of the day. (b) Mean wind speed at the reference station against time of the day
m/s = metre per second
Note: Solid lines are linear interpolations between measured points.
Source: Haddad et al. (2020)
Figure 15 Net overseas migration to Australia, 1971–72 to 2019–20
Figure 16 Net interstate migration, 2019–20
ACT = Australian Capital Territory; NSW = New South Wales; NT = Northern Territory; Qld = Queensland; SA = South Australia; Tas = Tasmania; Vic = Victoria; WA = Western Australia
Source: ABS (2021c)
Figure 17 Number of private sector houses approved and new borrower-accepted loan commitments, September 2010 to September 2020
Note: The number of new borrower-accepted commitments (i.e. loan application approved by lender and accepted by the borrower) for the construction of owner-occupied dwellings (seasonally adjusted).
Source: Infrastructure Australia (2020b)
Figure 18 Net migration from Australian capital cities to regional areas, 2012–20
Figure 19 Australian domestic passenger task, by mode of transport, 1979–80 to 2017–18
km = kilometre
- Other includes nonbusiness use of light commercial vehicles, motorcycles, etc.
Source: BITRE (2020b)
Figure 20 Total metropolitan passenger-kilometres travelled by road in Australian capital cities, 1994–95 to 2019–20
