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We recognise Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders as the sovereign Traditional Owners of Australia and thank them for their stewardship of this Country, its lands, waters and skies. We respectfully acknowledge their culture and customary practices, and pay respect to their Ancestors, Elders and future leaders.

For the first time, the State of the Environment report includes a strong Indigenous narrative across all 12 thematic chapters, a narrative crafted through recognising the leadership, collaboration and authorship of Indigenous Australians who continue their connection as Traditional Owners to their lands, waters and skies.

Click to view the State of the Environment report

 

On 28 March 2025 the government assumed a Caretaker role. Information on websites maintained by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water will be published in accordance with the Guidance on Caretaker Conventions until after the conclusion of the caretaker period.

Due to technical issues, graphs, maps and tables are currently not displaying within the main content, however, are available via the chapter resources navigation bar. We are working on a solution to resolve the issue.

References

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AAA (Australian Archaeological Association) (2020). Impact of bushfires on cultural heritage, AAA, Brisbane.

AAS (Australian Academy of Science) (2019). Investigation of the causes of mass fish kills in the Menindee Region NSW over the summer of 2018–2019, AAS, Canberra.

ABARES (Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences) (2021). Forest fire data, ABARES, Canberra, https://www.agriculture.gov.au/abares/forestsaustralia/forest-data-maps-and-tools/fire-data#fire-area-and-area-of-forest-in-fire-area-by-jurisdiction.

ACCC (Australian Competition & Consumer Commission) (2018). Northern Australia Insurance Inquiry: first interim report, ACCC, Canberra.

ACCC (Australian Competition & Consumer Commission) (2020). Northern Australia Insurance Inquiry: final report, ACCC, Canberra.

AdaptNSW (2016). Eastern Seaboard Climate Change Initiative: East Coast Lows Research Program synthesis for NSW stakeholders, Sydney.

AIDR (Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience) (2015). Storm – Brisbane, 2014, AIDR, Melbourne, https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/storm-brisbane-2014/.

AIDR (Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience) (2017). Major incidents of the year 2016–17, AIDR, Melbourne.

AIDR (Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience) (2020). Major incidents report 2019–20, AIDR, Melbourne.

Allen J & Karoly D (2014). A climatology of Australian severe thunderstorm environments 1979–2011: inter-annual variability and ENSO influence. International Journal of Climatology 34:81–97.

Allen J, Allen E, Richter H & Lepore C (2021). Australian tornadoes in 2013: implications for climatology and forecasting. Monthly Weather Review 149(5):1211–1232.

Allen JT & Allen ER (2016). A review of severe thunderstorms in Australia. Atmospheric Research 178–179:347–366.

Allen KJ, Hope P, Lam D, Brown JR & Wasson RJ (2020). Improving Australia’s flood record for planning purposes: can we do better? Australasian Journal of Water Resources 24(1):36–45.

Australian and Queensland governments (2018). Reef 2050 Water Quality Improvement Plan 2017–2022, Queensland Government Department of Environment and Science, Brisbane.