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We recognise Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders as the sovereign Traditional Owners of Australia and thank them for their stewardship of this Country, its lands, waters and skies. We respectfully acknowledge their culture and customary practices, and pay respect to their Ancestors, Elders and future leaders.

For the first time, the State of the Environment report includes a strong Indigenous narrative across all 12 thematic chapters, a narrative crafted through recognising the leadership, collaboration and authorship of Indigenous Australians who continue their connection as Traditional Owners to their lands, waters and skies.

Click to view the State of the Environment report

 

On 28 March 2025 the government assumed a Caretaker role. Information on websites maintained by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water will be published in accordance with the Guidance on Caretaker Conventions until after the conclusion of the caretaker period.

Due to technical issues, graphs, maps and tables are currently not displaying within the main content, however, are available via the chapter resources navigation bar. We are working on a solution to resolve the issue.

References

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IMO (International Maritime Organization) (2018). Action plan to address marine plastic litter from ships, document MEPC 73/19/Add.1, annex 10, resolution MEPC.310(73), IMO, London, United Kingdom.

IMO (International Maritime Organization) (2019). IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions, IMO, London, accessed 9 Aug 2021, https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx.

IMOS (Integrated Marine Observing System) (2021). IMOS strategy 2030, IMOS, Hobart.

IMOS (Integrated Marine Observing System) (n.d.). Acoustic observatories, IMOS, Hobart, https://imos.org.au/facilities/nationalmooringnetwork/acousticobservatories.

International Scientific Committee Billfish Working Group (2016). Stock assessment update for blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) in the Pacific Ocean through 2014. In: Proceedings of the 16th Meeting of the International Scientific Committee on Tuna and Tuna-like Species in the North Pacific Ocean, Sapporo, Japan, 13–18 July 2016, International Scientific Committee on Tuna and Tuna-like Species in the North Pacific Ocean, Japan.

IOC (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO) (2020). The science we need for the ocean we want: the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030), IOC brochure 2020-4 (IOC/BRO/2020/4), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris.

IOTC (Indian Ocean Tuna Commission) (2019a). Report of the 21st session of the IOTC Working Party on Tropical Tunas, report IOTC-2019-WPTT21-R(E), IOTC, Seychelles.

IOTC (Indian Ocean Tuna Commission) (2019b). Report of the seventh session of the IOTC Working Party on Temperate Tunas: assessment meeting, report IOTC-2019-WPTmT07(AS)-R(E), IOTC, Seychelles.

IOTC (Indian Ocean Tuna Commission) (2020). Report of the 18th session of the IOTC Working Party on Billfish, report IOTC-2020-WPB18-R(E), IOTC, Seychelles.

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) (2018). Summary for policymakers. In: Masson-Delmotte V, Zhai P, Pörtner HO, Roberts D, Skea J, Shukla PR, Pirani A, Moufouma-Okia W, Péan C, Pidcock R, Connors S, Matthews JBR, Chen Y, Zhou X, Gomis MI, Lonnoy E, Maycock T, Tignor M & Waterfield T (eds), Global warming of 1.5°C: an IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty, IPCC, Geneva.

IUCN Species Survival Commission (International Union for Conservation of Nature) (2012). IUCN Red List categories and criteria, version 3.1, 2nd edn, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, United Kingdom.

IWC (International Whaling Commission) (2020). Scientific Committee national progress reports, IWC, Cambridge, United Kingdom, https://iwc.int/scprogress.