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We recognise Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders as the sovereign Traditional Owners of Australia and thank them for their stewardship of this Country, its lands, waters and skies. We respectfully acknowledge their culture and customary practices, and pay respect to their Ancestors, Elders and future leaders.

For the first time, the State of the Environment report includes a strong Indigenous narrative across all 12 thematic chapters, a narrative crafted through recognising the leadership, collaboration and authorship of Indigenous Australians who continue their connection as Traditional Owners to their lands, waters and skies.

Click to view the State of the Environment report

 

On 28 March 2025 the government assumed a Caretaker role. Information on websites maintained by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water will be published in accordance with the Guidance on Caretaker Conventions until after the conclusion of the caretaker period.

Due to technical issues, graphs, maps and tables are currently not displaying within the main content, however, are available via the chapter resources navigation bar. We are working on a solution to resolve the issue.

References

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Napper IE & Thompson RC (2016). Release of synthetic microplastic plastic fibres from domestic washing machines: effects of fabric type and washing conditions. Marine Pollution Bulletin 112(1–2):39–45.

NCCARF (National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility) (2020). CoastAdapt Shoreline Explorer, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra, http://coastadapt.com.au/coastadapt-interactive-map.

Negandhi K, Edwards G, Kelleway JJ, Howard D, Safari D & Saintilan N (2019). Blue carbon potential of coastal wetland restoration varies with inundation and rainfall. Scientific Reports 9(1):1–9.

Negri AP, Smith RA, King O, Frangos J, Warne MSJ & Uthicke S (2019). Adjusting tropical marine water quality guideline values for elevated ocean temperatures. Environmental Science & Technology 54(2):1102–1110.

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Nerem RS, Beckley BD, Fasullo JT, Hamlington BD, Masters D & Mitchum GT (2018). Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115(9):2022–2025.

NMSC (National Marine Science Committee) (2015). National marine science plan 2015–2025: driving the development of Australia's blue economy, Canberra.

NOPSEMA (National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority) (2014). Streamlining offshore petroleum environmental approvals, NOPSEMA, Canberra.

Nordberg EJ, Macdonald S, Zimny G, Hoskins A, Zimny A, Somaweera R, Ferguson J & Perry J (2019). An evaluation of nest predator impacts and the efficacy of plastic meshing on marine turtle nests on the western Cape York Peninsula, Australia. Biological Conservation 238:108201.

Noziglia AJ, Abbott JK, Polidoro B & Gerber LR (2018). Flame retardant contamination and seafood sustainability. Sustainability 10(4):1070.

NSW DPI (NSW Department of Primary Industries) (2020). Shark Meshing (Bather Protection) Program 2018/19 annual performance report, NSW DPI, Sydney.

NSW DPI (NSW Department of Primary Industries) (2021). Aboriginal fishing, NSW DPI, Sydney, https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/fishing/aboriginal-fishing.

NSW MEMA (Marine Estate Management Authority) (2017). NSW marine estate threat and risk assessment – background environmental information, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Sydney.

NSW OEH (NSW Office of Environment and Heritage) (2011). Death or injury to marine species following capture in shark control programs on ocean beaches – key threatening process listing. NSW Scientific Committee final determination 2011, NSW OEH, Sydney.

Nyamba Buru Yawuru (2020). Yawuru Indigenous Protected Area, Nyamba Buru Yawuru, Broome, http://www.yawuru.org.au/country/ipa/?doing_wp_cron=1624584703.6110699176788330078125.