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We recognise Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders as the sovereign Traditional Owners of Australia and thank them for their stewardship of this Country, its lands, waters and skies. We respectfully acknowledge their culture and customary practices, and pay respect to their Ancestors, Elders and future leaders.

For the first time, the State of the Environment report includes a strong Indigenous narrative across all 12 thematic chapters, a narrative crafted through recognising the leadership, collaboration and authorship of Indigenous Australians who continue their connection as Traditional Owners to their lands, waters and skies.

Click to view the State of the Environment report

 

On 28 March 2025 the government assumed a Caretaker role. Information on websites maintained by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water will be published in accordance with the Guidance on Caretaker Conventions until after the conclusion of the caretaker period.

Due to technical issues, graphs, maps and tables are currently not displaying within the main content, however, are available via the chapter resources navigation bar. We are working on a solution to resolve the issue.

References

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GBRMA & CSIRO (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority & Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) (2021). Reef snapshot: summer 2020–21, Cairns.

GBRMA (Great Barrier Reef Marine Authority) (2019). Outlook report 2019, GBRMA, Townsville.

Gergis J, Ashcroft L & Whetton P (2020). A historical perspective on Australian temperature extremes. Climate Dynamics 55:843–868.

Gettelman A, Lamboll R, Bardeen G, Forster P & Watson-Parris D (2020). Climate impacts of COVID-19 induced emission changes. Geophysical Research Letters 48(3):e2020GL091805.

Gidden M, Riahi K, Smith S, Fujimori S, Luderer G, Kriegler E et al. (2019). Global emissions pathways under different socioeconomic scenarios for use in CMIP6: a dataset of harmonized emissions trajectories through the end of the century. Geoscientific Model Development 12(4):1443–1475.

Green D, Alexander L, McInnes K, Church J, Nicholls N & White N (2010). An assessment of climate change impacts and adaptation for the Torres Strait Islands, Australia. Climate Change 102:405–433.

Griffith University & CSIRO (2014). Climate change in northern Australia: information on climate change for Aboriginal people living in the north, Brisbane.

Griggs D, Lynch A, Joachim L, Zhu X, Adler C, Bischoff-Mattson Z, Wang P & Kestin T (2014). Learning from Indigenous knowledge for improved natural resource management in the Barmah-Millewa in a changing and variable climate, final report, Victorian Centre for Climate Change Adaptation Research, Melbourne.

Grose M, Black M, Risbey J, Uhe P, Hope P, Haustein K & Mitchell D (2018). Severe frosts in Western Australia in September 2016. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99(1):S150–S154.

Grose M, Black M, Wang G, King A, Hope P & Karoly D (2020). The warm and extremely dry spring in 2015 in Tasmania contained the fingerprint of human influence on the climate. Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science 69(1):183–195.